United Kingdom guidelines

NICE Guideline NG94: Emergency and acute medical care in over 16s: service delivery and organisation. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng94

• Schraibman IG, Milne AA, Royle EM. Home versus in-patient treatment for deep vein thrombosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2001, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD003076. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003076

NICE Clinical Guideline CG74: Surgical site infections: prevention and treatment. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg74/

• Stewart A, Eyers PS, Earnshaw JJ. Prevention of infection in arterial reconstruction. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD003073. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003073.pub2

NICE Clinical Guideline CG139: Healthcare-associated infections: prevention and control in primary and community care. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg139/

• Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, New K. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD007798. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007798.pub3

NICE Clinical Guideline CG68. Stroke and transient ischaemic attack in over 16s: diagnosis and initial management. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg68/

• Young T, Tang H, Aukes J, Hughes R. Vena caval filters for the prevention of pulmonary embolism. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD006212. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006212.pub3

NICE Technology Appraisal Guidance TA446: Brentuximab vedotin for treating CD30-positive Hodgkin lymphoma. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ta446/

• Robertson L, Kesteven P. Oral direct thrombin inhibitors or oral factor Xa inhibitors for the treatment of pulmonary embolism (Protocol). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD010957. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD010957

The Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain & Ireland: Safe vascular access 2016. Anaesthesia 2016;71(5):573-85

• Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, New K. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD007798. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007798.pub3

• López-Briz E, Ruiz Garcia V, Cabello JB, Bort-Marti S, Carbonell Sanchis R, Burls A. Heparin versus 0.9% sodium chloride intermittent flushing for prevention of occlusion in central venous catheters in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014, Issue 10. Art. No.: CD008462. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008462.pub2

epic3: National evidence-based guidelines for preventing healthcare-associated infections in NHS hospitals in England. Journal of Hospital Infection 2014;86 Suppl 1:S1-70

• Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, New K. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD007798. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007798.pub3

• Shah PS, Shah N. Heparin-bonded catheters for prolonging the patency of central venous catheters in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD005983. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005983.pub2

BSR and BHPR guideline for the management of adults with ANCA-associated vasculitis.  Rheumatology (Oxford) 2014;53(12):2306-9

• Fortin PM, Tejani AM, Bassett K, Musini VM. Intravenous immunoglobulin as adjuvant therapy for Wegener's granulomatosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD007057. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007057.pub2   

USA guidelines

Department of Veterans Affairs/Department of Defense: VA/DoD clinical practice guideline for rehabilitation of individuals with lower limb amputation. https://www.healthquality.va.gov/guidelines/Rehab/amp/VADoDLLACPG092817.pdf

• Cumming J, Barr S, Howe TE. Prosthetic rehabilitation for older dysvascular people following a unilateral transfemoral amputation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD005260. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005260.pub3

American Urological Association (AUA)/American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)/American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO)/Society of Urologic Oncology (SUO): Treatment of non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer: AUA/ASCO/ASTRO/SUO guideline. Journal of Urology 2017;198(3):552-559

• Forster R, Stewart M. Anticoagulants (extended duration) for prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement or hip fracture repair. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2016, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD004179. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004179.pub2

Prioritizing functional capacity as a principal end point for therapies oriented to older adults with cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2017;135(16):e894-e918

• Lane R, Ellis B, Watson L, Leng GC. Exercise for intermittent claudication. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014, Issue 7. Art. No.: CD000990. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000990.pub3

• Bedenis R, Stewart M, Cleanthis M, Robless P, Mikhailidis DP, Stansby G. Cilostazol for intermittent claudication. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014, Issue 10. Art. No.: CD003748. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003748.pub4

State of Colorado Department of Labor and Employment: Lower extremity injury medical treatment guidelines. https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/sites/default/files/Rule_17_Exhibit_6_Lower_Extremity_Guideline.pdf

• Salazar CA, Malaga G, Malasquez G. Direct thrombin inhibitors versus vitamin K antagonists or low molecular weight heparins for prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee replacement. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD005981. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005981.pub2

Guideline for reversal of antithrombotics in intracranial hemorrhage: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Neurocritical Care Society and Society of Critical Care Medicine. Neurocritical Care 2016;24(1):6-46

• van Dongen CJ, van den Belt AGM, Prins MH, Lensing AWA. Fixed dose subcutaneous low molecular weight heparins versus adjusted dose unfractionated heparin for venous thromboembolism. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2004, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD001100. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001100.pub2

The insertion and management of external ventricular drains: an evidence-based consensus statement: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Neurocritical Care Society. Neurocritical Care 2016;24(1):61-81

• Sachdeva A, Dalton M, Amaragiri SV, Lees T. Elastic compression stockings for prevention of deep vein thrombosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 7. Art. No.: CD001484. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001484.pub2

Diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of Kawasaki disease: a scientific statement for health professionals from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2017;135(17):e927-e999

• Oates-Whitehead RM, Baumer JH, Haines L, Love S, Maconochie IK, Gupta A, Roman K, Dua JS, Flynn I. Intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of Kawasaki disease in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2003, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD004000. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004000

• Baumer JH, Love S, Gupta A, Haines L, Maconochie IK, Dua JS. Salicylate for the treatment of Kawasaki disease in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD004175. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004175.pub2

Other national and international guidelines

The Surviving Sepsis Guideline Panel: Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock. Critical Care Medicine 2017;45(3):486-552

• Junqueira DRG, Perini E, Penholati RRM, Carvalho MG. Unfractionated heparin versus low molecular weight heparin for avoiding heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in postoperative patients. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012, Issue 9. Art. No.: CD007557. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007557.pub2

• Kakkos SK, Caprini JA, Geroulakos G, Nicolaides AN, Stansby G, Reddy DJ. Combined intermittent pneumatic leg compression and pharmacological prophylaxis for prevention of venous thromboembolism in high-risk patients. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD005258. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005258.pub2

• Sachdeva A, Dalton M, Amaragiri SV, Lees T. Graduated compression stockings for prevention of deep vein thrombosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014, Issue 12. Art. No.: CD001484. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001484.pub3

Japanese Circulation Society Joint Working Group: Guidelines for perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and management for noncardiac surgery (JCS 2014) - digest version. Circulation Journal 2017;81(2):245-267

• Filardo G, Powell JT, Martinez MAM, Ballard DJ. Surgery for small asymptomatic abdominal aortic aneurysms. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD001835. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001835.pub3

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin e.V. (DEGAM): [New thrombocyte aggregation inhibitors: Use in family practice. DEGAM Guideline No. 16]. [Issued 2016, revised 2017] http://www.awmf.org/leitlinien/detail/ll/053-041.html

• Brown J, Lethaby A, Maxwell H, Wawrzyniak AJ, Prins MH. Antiplatelet agents for preventing thrombosis after peripheral arterial bypass surgery. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD000535. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000535.pub2

WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience. http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/maternal_perinatal_health/anc-positive-pregnancy-experience/en/

• Shingler S, Robertson L, Boghossian S, Stewart M. Compression stockings for the initial treatment of varicose veins in patients without venous ulceration. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 12. Art. No.: CD008819. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008819.pub3

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin e.V. (DEGAM): [New thrombocyte aggregation inhibitors: Use in family practice. DEGAM Guideline No. 16]. [2016] http://www.awmf.org/leitlinien/detail/ll/053-041.html

• Brown J, Lethaby A, Maxwell H, Wawrzyniak AJ, Prins MH. Antiplatelet agents for preventing thrombosis after peripheral arterial bypass surgery. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD000535. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000535.pub2

Gesellschaft für Neonatologie und Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin (GNPI): [Sepsis in children beyond the neonatal period]. http://www.awmf.org/uploads/tx_szleitlinien/024-025l_S2k_Sepsis_nach_Neonatalperiode_2016-04.pdf

• Shah PS, Shah N. Heparin-bonded catheters for prolonging the patency of central venous catheters in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD005983. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005983.pub3

• Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard C, Hall J. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD007798. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007798.pub2

Arbeitskreis "Krankenhaus- & Praxishygiene" der AWMF: [Hygiene measures during intravascular punctures and intravascular drug delivery]. http://www.awmf.org/uploads/tx_szleitlinien/029-015l_S1_Hygiene_Punktion_Medikamentenapplikation_intravasal_2016-01.pdf

• Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard C, Hall J. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD007798. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007798.pub2

• Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, New K. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD007798. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007798.pub3

Ärztliches Zentrum für Qualität in der Medizin (ÄZQ): [National care guideline: chronic coronary heart disease (CHD)]. http://www.awmf.org/uploads/tx_szleitlinien/nvl-004l_S3_KHK_2016-02.pdf

• Aung PP, Maxwell H, Jepson RG, Price J, Leng GC. Lipid-lowering for peripheral arterial disease of the lower limb. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD000123. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000123.pub2

European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS): 2016 ESC/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias. Kardiologia Polska 2016;74(11):1234-1318

• Li L, Sun T, Zhang P, Tian J, Yang K. Statins for primary prevention of venous thromboembolism. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2011, Issue 12. Art. No.: CD008203. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008203.pub2

• Aung PP, Maxwell H, Jepson RG, Price J, Leng GC. Lipid-lowering for peripheral arterial disease of the lower limb. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD000123. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000123.pub2

Executive Committee of the German Medical Association on the Recommendation of the Scientific Advisory Board: Cross-sectional guidelines for therapy with blood components and plasma derivatives: Chapter 5 human albumin – revised. Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy 2016;43(3):223-32

• Zavrakidis N. Intravenous fluids for abdominal aortic surgery. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2000, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD000991. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000991

European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB): EFSUMB guidelines on interventional ultrasound (INVUS), Part VI - ultrasound-guided vascular interventions. Ultraschall in der Medizin 2016;37(5):473-476

• Tisi PV, Callam MJ. Treatment for femoral pseudoaneurysms. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 11. Art. No.: CD004981. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004981.pub4

European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) and European Renal Association—European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA-EDTA): EULAR/ERA-EDTA recommendations for the management of ANCA-associated vasculitis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2016;75(9):1583-94

• Fortin PM, Tejani AM, Bassett K, Musini VM. Intravenous immunoglobulin as adjuvant therapy for Wegener's granulomatosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD007057. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007057.pub3

[Drip-lymph guidelines SIF-SICVE 2016 of the Italian Society of Phlebology and the Italian Society for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery]. Minerva Cardioangiologica 2016;64(4 Suppl 2):1-80

• Martinez-Zapata MJ, Bonfill Cosp X, Moreno RM, Vargas E, Capellà D. Phlebotonics for venous insufficiency. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD003229. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003229.pub2

• Pittler MH, Ernst E. Horse chestnut seed extract for chronic venous insufficiency. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD003230. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003230.pub3

• Nesbitt C, Bedenis R, Bhattacharya V, Stansby G. Endovenous ablation (radiofrequency and laser) and foam sclerotherapy versus open surgery for great saphenous vein varices. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014, Issue 7. Art. No.: CD005624. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005624.pub3

• Rigby KA, Palfreyman SSJ, Beverley C, Michaels JA. Surgery versus sclerotherapy for the treatment of varicose veins. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2004, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD004980. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004980

• Di Nisio M, Wichers IM, Middeldorp S. Treatment for superficial thrombophlebitis of the leg. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD004982. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004982.pub5

• Robertson L, Kesteven P, McCaslin JE. Oral direct thrombin inhibitors or oral factor Xa inhibitors for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015, Issue 6. Art. No.: CD010956. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD010956.pub2

• Vardi M, Zittan E, Bitterman H. Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD006771. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006771.pub2

• Andras A, Sala Tenna A, Crawford F. Vitamin K antagonists or low-molecular-weight heparin for the long term treatment of symptomatic venous thromboembolism. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012, Issue 10. Art. No.: CD002001. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002001.pub2

National Heart Foundation of Australia: Guideline for the diagnosis and management of hypertension in adults – 2016. https://www.heartfoundation.org.au/images/uploads/publications/PRO-167_Hypertension-guideline-2016_WEB.pdf

• Lane DA, Lip GYH. Treatment of hypertension in peripheral arterial disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 12. Art. No.: CD003075. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003075.pub3

Royal Australian College of General Practitioners: Guidelines for preventive activities in general practice (9th edition). http://www.racgp.org.au/download/Documents/Guidelines/Redbook9/17048-Red-Book-9th-Edition.pdf

• Andras A, Ferket B. Screening for peripheral arterial disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD010835. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD010835.pub2

Canadian Paediatric Society: Position statement: air travel and children's health issues [issued 2007, reaffirmed 2016]. Paediatrics & Child Health 2007;12(1):45-50

• Clarke M, Fischer M, Hopewell S, Juszczak E, Eisinga A. Compression stockings for preventing deep vein thrombosis in airline passengers (Protocol). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2003, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD004002. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004002

Spanish Society of Cardiovascular Infections (SEICAV)/Spanish Society of Internal Medicine (SEMI)/Spanish Society of Chemotherapy (SEQ)/Spanish Society of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (SECTCV): 2016 Expert consensus document on prevention, diagnosis and treatment of short-term peripheral venous catheter-related infections in adult. Revista Espanola de Quimioterapia 2016;29(4):230-8

• Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard C, Hall J. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD007798. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007798.pub2

Ministry of Health Malaysia/Academy of Medicine Malaysia/National Heart Association of Malaysia: Clinical practice guidelines 2016: Prevention of cardiovascular disease in women (2nd edition). http://www.acadmed.org.my/index.cfm?&menuid=67#Cardiovascular_Disease

• Aung PP, Maxwell H, Jepson RG, Price J, Leng GC. Lipid-lowering for peripheral arterial disease of the lower limb. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD000123. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000123.pub2

• Paravastu SCV, Mendonca DA, Da Silva A. Beta blockers for peripheral arterial disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 9. Art. No.: CD005508. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005508.pub3

• Robless P, Mikhailidis DP, Stansby GP. Cilostazol for peripheral arterial disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD003748. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003748.pub2

Zhou Q, Liu J, Yang X, Zhang H, Kong F, Wang G, et al. [Experts Consensus on Huisheng Oral Solution for Lung Cancer Anticoagulation Treatment at Perioperation Period (2016 version)]. Zhongguo fei ai za zhi 2016;19(11):721-4

• Di Nisio M, Porreca E, Otten HM, Rutjes AWS. Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014, Issue 8. Art. No.: CD008500. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008500.pub3

The Nephrology Association of Buenos Aires: Clinical Practice Guideline for ANCA-Associated Vasculitis With Renal Involvement. Medicina (B Aires) 2015;75 Suppl 1:1-38

• Fortin PM, Tejani AM, Bassett K, Musini VM. Intravenous immunoglobulin as adjuvant therapy for Wegener's granulomatosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD007057. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007057.pub3

Guidelines for medical treatment of acute Kawasaki disease: report of the Research Committee of the Japanese Society of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery (2012 revised version). Pediatrics International 2014;56(2):135-58       

• Oates-Whitehead RM, Baumer JH, Haines L, Love S, Maconochie IK, Gupta A, Roman K, Dua JS, Flynn I. Intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of Kawasaki disease in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2003, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD004000. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004000

Health Policy Advisory Committee on Technology, Technology Brief May 2013: Replacement of peripheral venous catheters by clinical indications. http://www.health.qld.gov.au/healthpact/html/tech-briefs.asp    

• Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard C, Hall J. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD007798. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007798.pub2